au̯es-

    au̯es-

    English meaning: to shine; gold, dawn, aurora etc.

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “leuchten”, especially vom Tagesanbruch

    Material: O.Ind. uṣǘḥ f. acc. uṣü̆́sam, gen. uṣásaḥ “ aurora “, Av. ušü̊ , acc. ušü̊ ŋhǝm, gen.ušaŋhō ds. (ušas-tara- “ eastern “), next to which O.Ind. gen. sg., acc. pl. uṣáḥ, Av. loc. sg. uši-[δü̊, s. *demü-” to build “] either from a root noun *us-, or as *us-s- to s-stem; O.Ind. uccháti = Av. usaiti (*us-sk̂éti) “ shines in (from the morning) “, perf. O.Ind. uvüsa, Aor. avasran “ they shone “; uṣar-, usr “ dawn, aurora, early morning, prime of the day, red sky “, uṣar-búdh- “ early awake “, usrá- “ early morning, reddish “, also figurative “ cow “, m. “bull” (Frisk, nominal formation 3); u̯es-, u̯ōs- in O.Ind. vasar-hán- ‘striking in the morning early morning”, vüsará - “early morning”, m. “ day “ (compare in addition also the related root under particular catchword r/n-stem *u̯es-r-, u̯es-n- “ springtide, spring “); Gk. Hom. ἠώς *(üusōs), gen. ἠοῦς (ἠόος), Att. (with accent innovation) ἕως, Dor. ἀ̄ώς, ἀFώρ, changing through ablaut Eol. αὔως “ aurora “ (Proto-Gk. αυ[σ]ώς), böot. ἄα and Αἰαίη (*ἀαίη); ἄγχαυρος “ near the morning “, αὔριον “ tomorrow “ (*αυσρ-); Hom. ἤιε Υοῖβε “ radiative morning “; ἠι-κανός “ rooster, cock “ (*üusi- “ singing in the morning early morning “); Maybe Gk. ἄγχαυρος “ near the morning “ : Alb. agu “dawn” s/ h allophones : Estonian agu “daybreak, dawn” : Latvian ausma, süjums “dawn”

    Note: [conservative definitive forms versus indefinite forms (Alb. phonetic trait)] Lat. aurōra f. “aurora, the morning, dawn, daybreak “ (for *ü̆usōsü); auster (*aus-t(e)ro- = Gmc. *austra-) “ souther, southerly wind “, austrülis “ southern “; presumably also aurum, sabin. ausom “gold” as “*reddish”; to Lith. áuksas (k - unexplained), O.Lith. ausas, O.Pruss. ausis “gold”; maybe truncated Alb. (*aur-) ar “gold” perhaps Toch. A wäs “gold”, but compare Arm. os-ki “gold”, finn. vas-ki “ copper “; perhaps Vesuvius (differently under eus- “ burn “); M.Ir. füir “ sunrise “, Welsh gwawr “aurora”, Bret. gwere laouen “morning star “ (*u̯ōsri-, Pedersen KG. I 82); Gmc. *austrō in O.E. ēastre “ spring goddess “, ēastron pl. “ Easter “ = O.H.G. ōst(a)ra, ōstarūn; against it with IE -t(e)ro-, O.H.G. ōstar “eastern” and adv. “ the after east “, Ger.Öster-reich, O.N. austr n. “ East “ and adv. “ eastwards “, O.E. compounds ēasterra “ more to the east “, in addition ostrogothae, older Austrogoti as “ the eastern Goths “; O.H.G. ōstan “ from the east “, O.E. ēaste f. “East”, O.N. austan “ from the east “; *üusōs in O.E. ēarendel “ morning star “, O.H.G. MN Orendil; Lith. aušrà f. “aurora”, aũšta “ day is breaking”, Ltv. àust ds.; Lith. auštrì nis (vějas) “ north-east wind “, Ltv. àustra f. “ daybreak “, àustrums m. “East”; in ablaut žem. apūūšriai m. “ daybreak “; O.C.S. za ustra “τὸ πρωΐ” (about utro, jutro “morning” from *aus(t)ro- compare Trautmann 19, Mikkola Ursl. Gk. 179 and Berneker 462 f. m. Lith., wherefore Brũckner KZ. 46, 212, ausPol. ŭścić “ shine “ reconstructs sl. *usto “lustre, shine”), ustrъ “ relating to summer “ (see Pedersen IF. 5, 69). compare to ablaut J. Schmidt KZ. 25, 23 f., Hirt abl. 134, 147, Reichelt KZ. 39, 69. maybe Alb. (*në “in” + aušrà ), nesrë, nesëret, nesër “ tomorrow morning, tomorrow”

    References: WP. I 26 f., WH. I 86, 87 f., Trautmann 19, Specht Decl. 10, Wackernagel- Debrunner O.Ind. Gk. Ill 213 and 281 f., Kretschmer Gl. 27, 231; Leumann IF. 58, 121 ff., Schwyzer Gk. I 349, 514, 557.